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-From each according to his ability, to
each according to his need (or needs) is a slogan popularized by Karl Marx in
his 1875 Critique of the Gotha Program.[1] The phrase summarizes the
principles that, under a communist system, every person should contribute to
society to the best of their ability and consume from society in proportion
to their needs, regardless of how much they have contributed. In the Marxist
view, such an arrangement will be made possible by the abundance of goods and
services that a developed communist society will produce; the idea is that
there will be enough to satisfy everyone's needs.[2][3]
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-Collectivism- Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s
Social Contract is considered an example of collectivist political
philosophy, which maintains that human society is organized along the lines
of an implicit contract between members of society, and that the terms of
this contract (e.g. the powers of government, the rights and responsibilities
of individual citizens, etc.) are rightfully decided by the "general
will" - that is, the will of the people. This idea inspired the early
socialist and communist philosophers such as Hegel and Marx.[3]
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